Saudi Arabia: a supply claim between traders
For a supplier seeking unpaid invoices, trader status and the commercial nature of the transaction matter to commercial-court jurisdiction. A published Ministry of Justice decision applies Article 16 to a sale between traders and examines a stamped balance confirmation as evidence.
Documents to bring
Bring both commercial registrations, the signed contract, delivery acceptance, invoices, payments, and any balance confirmation. Reconcile credits and disputed goods before stating the amount.
Options and exceptions
Compare a documented payment demand or settlement with filing. Check any arbitration clause and applicable pre-filing requirements first; one judgment does not establish jurisdiction or success for every business claim.
Agreed deliverable
A reconciled claim schedule, evidence gaps, and a reasoned forum and demand recommendation.
Sources and scope
UAE: identify the company and transaction first
A contract claim and a dispute about company ownership require different starting documents. The official legislation portal lists the Commercial Transactions Law, Decree-Law 50/2022, and Commercial Companies Law, Decree-Law 32/2021. Identify the incorporation authority and agreed forum before selecting the framework.
Documents to bring
Provide the trade licence, incorporation documents, share register or transfer agreement, complete contract, forum clause, and performance/payment record.
Options and exceptions
Separate recovery against the contracting company from any proposed personal claim against a manager. Flag free-zone rules, arbitration, and financial distress for separate review rather than treating every unpaid invoice as the same lawsuit.
Agreed deliverable
A party-and-obligation map with the documents and unresolved framework questions needed to choose negotiation, contract correction, or proceedings.
Sources and scope
Syria: distinguish the debt from business identity rights
A distribution disagreement may involve unpaid goods, use of a trade name, or a registered mark. WIPO Lex provides Trade Law 33/2007 and a separate trademarks framework under Law 8/2007. These are different questions requiring different evidence.
Documents to bring
Provide the commercial-register extract, distribution agreement, invoices, mark registration and renewal record, and dated evidence of disputed use.
Options and exceptions
Separate a payment settlement from any agreement about continued brand use. The WIPO texts are a starting point: current amendments, registry practice, and available filing procedures must be confirmed locally before action.
Agreed deliverable
Separate debt and brand-rights issues, an evidence inventory, and the local confirmations required before a demand or filing.
Sources and scope
